1. How To Design Water Supply System
2. 2.4 Gravity Pipeline Design Water Supply System Evaluation Form
3. 2.4 Gravity Pipeline Design Water Supply System Definition
4. 2.4 Gravity Pipeline Design Water Supply System Map

This paper will cover every aspect of the design and construction of a water supply system utilizing potential energy (gravity) for delivery. The typical layout of a gravity-fed water system (Figure 1.1) includes a water source, transmission main, reservoir and distribution system. Every component. Apr 19, 2017 including water mains 54-inch diameter and smaller and all sizes of gravity and pressure sewers with the exception of privately owned and maintained systems referred to as 'on-site' systems. It is the WSSC's policy to avoid and protect environmentally sensitive areas wherever possible.

Our ‘Step-by-step’ blog series takes a look at different practices and procedures in the transmission pipeline industry.

This week we’re outlining what happens during the pipeline design process – it’s more involved than you might think! Based on over 500 pages of standards and regulations, the design for each pipeline covers every aspect from routing, materials, pipe construction, laying the pipeline, safety and pipeline integrity.

Here’s a quick look into the world of pipeline design

Pipeline design begins with a study of the proposed route, including full environmental and engineering assessments:

How To Design Water Supply System

Designers draft detailed schematics based on over 500 pages of standards:

The composition of the steel is a key factor to in the pipeline’s integrity. That’s why alloys may be added to the steel so it meets the precise specifications:

Pipeline Inspection

Pipelines are inspected using X-ray technology and hydrostatic testing. This technician is inspecting the pipe from the inside!

The pipeline is then coated with corrosion-resistant, powdered epoxy:

During construction, huge valves are placed along the pipelines at regular intervals so the flow can be shut off in the event of a spill:

After construction, the land is remediated. Aside from above-ground facilities at intervals along the pipe, there is almost no sign that the land has been disturbed:

Of course that’s the shortened version of the process! If you’d like to learn more, watch this video for the full story:

Stay tuned as we continue this ‘Step-by-step’ series. Next we’ll take a look at pipeline technology. In the meantime, if you’d like to learn more about pipeline design, check out this blog post: Pipelines: safe by design.

The Canadian Energy Pipeline Association represents Canada’s transmission pipeline companies who operate approximately 117,000 kilometres of pipelines in Canada. In 2014, these energy highways moved approximately 1.2 billion barrels of liquid petroleum products and 5.4 trillion cubic feet of natural gas. Our members transport 97 per cent of Canada’s daily natural gas and onshore crude oil from producing regions to markets throughout North America.

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Introduction to general design of domestic service water supply systems - with pressurized or gravity tanks

The purpose with a domestic service water supply system is to provide consumers with enough hot and cold water.

In old buildings it is common with gravity storage tanks on the top floor of the building. More commonly used in new systems are pressurized tanks and supply pumps.

Domestic Water Supply with Gravity Tank

Domestic water supply system with gravity tank:

For proper operation of the system the gravity tank is located at least 30 ft or 10 m above the highest outlet or consumer. In taller buildings pressure reducing valves are required in the lowest floors before the fittings.

The volume of a gravity tank must be designed to compensate for limited capacity of a supply line. The tank fills up when the consumption of hot and cold water is lower than the capacity of the supply line - and the tank is emptied when the consumption is higher than the capacity of the supply line.

A drawback with the open gravity tank on the top floor is the potential danger of freezing during winter conditions. Huge tanks will also influence on the construction of the building.

Domestic Water Supply with a Pressurized Tank

Domestic water supply system with pressurized tank:

The pressurized tank is partly filled with air (or gas) behind a membrane. The air compensates for pressure variations during consumption and when supply pump starts and stops.

A pressurized tank has a limited compensating capacity for the shortage in a main supply line.

Estimating Required Buffer Tank Capacity

You are free to use the template bellow as a tool to estimate required buffer capacity in a water supply system. Log in to your Google Account to make your own copy to modify of the template. Alternatively - you can also save the Google Spreadsheet to your computer as a xls file.

Related Topics

2.4 Gravity Pipeline Design Water Supply System Evaluation Form

• Water Systems - Hot and cold water service systems - design properties, capacities, sizing and more

2.4 Gravity Pipeline Design Water Supply System Definition

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2.4 Gravity Pipeline Design Water Supply System Map

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